This presentation explores the critical failure mechanisms affecting high-voltage polymeric insulators operating in the demanding environments of India and South Asia. Drawing from field observations, industry case studies, and material-performance insights, it examines challenges such as tracking, erosion, hydrophobicity loss, contamination, UV degradation, humidity stress, and process-related inconsistencies. The session further highlights how compound design, tropicalization, manufacturing practices, and long-term environmental exposure collectively influence insulator reliability and service life.